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Flexible micro flow sensor for micro aerial vehicles

Rong ZHU, Ruiyi QUE, Peng LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第12卷 第4期   页码 539-545 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0427-0

摘要：

This article summarizes our studies on micro flow sensors fabricated on a flexible polyimide circuit board by a low-cost hybrid process of thin-film deposition and circuit printing. The micro flow sensor has merits of flexibility, structural simplicity, easy integrability with circuits, and good sensing performance. The sensor, which adheres to an object surface, can detect the surface flow around the object. In our study, we install the fabricated micro flow sensors on micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) to detect the surface flow variation around the aircraft wing and deduce the aerodynamic parameters of the MAVs in flight. Wind tunnel experiments using the sensors integrated with the MAVs are also conducted.

关键词： micro flow sensor     flexible sensor     surface flow sensing     aerodynamic parameter     micro aerial vehicle (MAV)    

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An Ultracompact Spoof Surface Plasmon Sensing System for Adaptive and Accurate Detection of Gas Using

Xuanru Zhang,Jia Wen Zhu,Tie Jun Cui,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.013

摘要： Resonantly enhanced dielectric sensing has superior sensitivity and accuracy because the signal is measured from relative resonance shifts that are immune to signal fluctuations. For applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), accurate detection of resonance frequency shifts using a compact circuit is in high demand. We proposed an ultracompact integrated sensing system that merges a spoof surface plasmon resonance sensor with signal detection, processing, and wireless communication. A software-defined scheme was developed to track the resonance shift, which minimized the hardware circuit and made the detection adaptive to the target resonance. A microwave spoof surface plasmon resonator was designed to enhance sensitivity and resonance intensity. The integrated sensing system was constructed on a printed circuit board with dimensions of 1.8 cm × 1.2 cm and connected to a smartphone wirelessly through Bluetooth, working in both frequency scanning mode and resonance tracking mode and achieving a signal-to-noise ratio of 69 dB in acetone vapor sensing. This study provides an ultracompact, accurate, adaptive, sensitive, and wireless solution for resonant sensors in the IoT.

关键词： Spoof surface plasmons     Internet of Things     Integrated sensing     Resonance tracking     Microwave sensing    

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Experimental study on combined buoyant-thermocapillary flow along with rising liquid film on the surface

Manuel J. GOMES, Ning MEI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 114-126 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0483-5

摘要： Temperature distribution and variation with time has been considered in the analysis of the influences of the initial level of immersion of a horizontal metallic mesh tube in the liquid on combined buoyant and thermo-capillary flow. The combined flow occurs along with the rising liquid film flow on the surface of a horizontal metallic mesh tube. Three different levels of immersion of the metallic mesh tube in the liquid have been tested. Experiments of 60 min in duration have been performed using a heating metallic tube with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 110 mm, sealed outside with a metallic mesh of 178 mm by 178 mm, and distilled water. These reveal two distinct flow patterns. Thermocouples and infrared thermal imager are utilized to measure the temperature. The level of the liquid free surface relative to the lower edge of the tube is measured as angle . The results show that for a smaller angle, or a low level of immersion, with a relatively low heating power, it is possible to near fully combine the upwards buoyant flow with the rising liquid film flow. In this case, the liquid is heated only in the vicinity of the tube, while the liquid away from the flow region experiences small changes in temperature and the system approaches steady conditions. For larger angles, or higher levels of immersion, a different flow pattern is noticed on the liquid free surface and identified as the thermo-capillary (Marangoni) flow. The rising liquid film is also present. The higher levels of immersion cause a high temperature gradient in the liquid free surface region and promote thermal stratification; therefore the system could not approach steady conditions.

关键词： rising liquid film     combined flow     thermo-capillary flow     buoyant flow     metallic mesh tube     horizontal tube    

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Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 243-248 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0049-7

摘要： A fluid-structure interaction model based on Surface Vorticity Method (SVM) was used to study flow-induced vibrations of tube bundles in medium space ratio. The flow-induced vibrations of four tubes in a rotated square and a staggered tube bundle in three-row and five-column arrangements were simulated in the high sub-critical Reynolds number () range. The results on fluid forces, tube responses and vorticity maps were presented. The vorticity maps of the four rotated-square tubes changed dramatically when the rigid tubes were replaced by the flexible tubes. From the vorticity maps and vibration responses of the staggered tube bundle of different structural parameters, it was found that with the decrease of tube natural frequency, the maximal vibration response moved from the third row to the first. The results also showed that when more flexible tubes are used, the flow pattern changed drastically and the fluid-structure interaction imposed a dominant impact on the flow.

关键词： dominant     sub-critical Reynolds     staggered     Vorticity     three-row    

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Aerodynamic design by jointly applying S2 flow surface calculation and modern optimization methods on

ZHAO Honglei, WANG Songtao, HAN Wanjin, FENG Guotai

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 93-98 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0007-4

摘要： A three-stage axial turbine was redesigned by jointly applying S2 flow surface direct problem calculation methods and multistage local optimization methods. A genetic algorithm and artificial neural network were jointly adopted during optimization. A three-dimensional viscosity Navier–Stokes equation solver was applied for flow computation. H-O-H-topology grid was adopted as computation grid, that is, an H-topology grid was adopted for inlet and outlet segment, whereas an O-topology grid was adopted for stator zone and rotor zone. Through the optimization design, the total efficiency increases 1.1%, thus indicating that the total performance is improved and the design objective is achieved.
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(Super)paramagnetic nanoparticles as platform materials for environmental applications: From synthesis to demonstration

Wenlu Li, John D. Fortner

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1256-7

摘要： • The fabrication of monodisperse, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles is summarized. • Monolayer and bilayer surface coating structures are described. • Mono/bilayer coated nanoparticles showed high sorption capacities for U, As, and Cr. Over the past few decades, engineered, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles have drawn extensive research attention for a broad range of applications based on their tunable size and shape, surface chemistries, and magnetic properties. This review summaries our recent work on the synthesis, surface modification, and environmental application of (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles. By utilizing high-temperature thermo-decomposition methods, first, we have broadly demonstrated the synthesis of highly monodispersed, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles, via the pyrolysis of metal carboxylate salts in an organic phase. Highly uniform magnetic nanoparticles with various size, composition, and shape can be precisely tuned by controlled reaction parameters, such as the initial precursors, heating rate, final reaction temperature, reaction time, and the additives. These materials can be further rendered water stable via functionalization with surface mono/bi-layer coating structure using a series of tunable ionic/non-ionic surfactants. Finally, we have demonstrated platform potential of these materials for heavy metal ions sensing, sorption, and separation from the aqueous phase.

关键词： Superparamagnetic nanoparticles     Surface functionalization     Environmental sensing     Heavy metal ion sorption    

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高海拔冻土区路基周边近地表流场特征及其工程意义

穆彦虎, 马巍, 杨朝晖, 栗晓林, 张坤, 毛运城

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第14卷 第7期   页码 169-180 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.020

摘要：

块碎石、通风管和热管等主动冷却措施广泛应用于冻土区工程建设，通过强化冷季与外界空气的换热过程降低下伏多年冻土的温度，进而确保气候变暖背景下工程构筑物的长期稳定性。对于气冷类主动冷却措施而言，对流换热过程至关重要，因此掌握构筑物周边流场特征具有重要的意义。结合青藏高原北麓河高等级公路试验示范工程，沿垂直于路基走向的横剖面开展了路基周边近地表流场的长期定位观测。基于6 个观测塔完整的一年观测数据，研究了路基两侧60 m范围内地面以上0.5 m、1.5 m、3.0 m和4.5 m高度上风速、风向的空间分布特征及季节变化规律。结果表明，路基的存在对近地表流场有显著的影响，在背风侧的影响距离可达10 倍路基高度。路基周边近地表风速沿高度的分布可用综合幂次律描述，幂次值为0.14~0.4；远离路基位置幂次值年均水平为0.19，与以往研究中常用值存在差异。讨论了近地表风场的空间分布和季节变化对包括块石、通风管等气冷路基结构工作机制和长期效果的影响，认为低估近地表风场速度剖面的幂次值、忽略风向的季节变化可能导致气冷类主动冷却降温措施设计的不足。现场测试结果可为高原冻土区工程建设提供有益参考。

关键词： 进地表流场     现场观测     气冷措施     线性交通工程     青藏高原    

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Novel sensing techniques for full-scale testing of civil structures

Kaoshan DAI, Zhenhua HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 240-256 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0172-8

摘要： Performing full-scale structural testing is an important methodology for researchers and engineers in the civil engineering industry. Full scale testing helps the researchers understand civil infrastructures’ loading scenarios, behaviors, and health conditions. It helps the engineers verify, polish, and simplify the structural design and analysis theories. To conduct a full-scale structural testing, sensors are used for data acquisitions. To help structural researchers and engineers get familiar with sensing technologies and select the most effective sensors, this study reviewed and categorized new sensing techniques for full-scale structural testing applications. The researchers of this study categorized sensors used for civil-infrastructure testing into traditional contact sensors and remote sensors based upon their application methodologies, and into cabled sensors and wireless sensors based upon their data communication strategies. The detailed descriptions of wireless sensors and remote sensing techniques and their on-site full-scale applications are presented.

关键词： sensing technique     full-scale testing     wireless sensor     remote sensing     LiDAR     laser vibrometer    

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Effects of process parameters on surface roughness in abrasive waterjet cutting of aluminium

M. CHITHIRAI PON SELVAN, N. MOHANA SUNDARA RAJU, H. K. SACHIDANANDA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第4期   页码 439-444 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0337-0

摘要：

Abrasive waterjet cutting is a novel machining process capable of processing wide range of hard-to-cut materials. Surface roughness of machined parts is one of the major machining characteristics that play an important role in determining the quality of engineering components. This paper shows the influence of process parameters on surface roughness (Ra) which is an important cutting performance measure in abrasive waterjet cutting of aluminium. Taguchi’s design of experiments was carried out in order to collect surface roughness values. Experiments were conducted in varying water pressure, nozzle traverse speed, abrasive mass flow rate and standoff distance for cutting aluminium using abrasive waterjet cutting process. The effects of these parameters on surface roughness have been studied based on the experimental results.

关键词： abrasive waterjet     aluminium     garnet     water pressure     mass flow rate     traverse speed     standoff distance    

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表面"彩虹"上的超分辨率光谱位移传感 Article

Lyu Zhou, Nan Zhang, Chang Chieh Hsu, Matthew Singer, Xie Zeng, Yizheng Li, Haomin Song, Josep Jornet, Yun Wu, Qiaoqiang Gan

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第10期   页码 75-81 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.018

摘要：

高精度的亚波长光波操纵在光谱学、传感和医学成像中可实现令人兴奋的新颖应用。这些应用中理想的目标是可实现光谱信息片上分析的小型化光谱仪。特别地，对于基于成像系统的光谱传感机制，其关键挑战是如何实现精准的空间信息分辨（即波长偏移或生物、化学表面结合引起的空间位移），这类似于超分辨率成像所带来的挑战。本文中，我们报道了一种特殊的可以捕获“彩虹”的超表面，并将其应用于芯片光谱仪和传感器。结合超分辨图像处理，通过低设置4×光学显微镜系统可分辨出等离子体“彩虹”捕获超表面上35 nm范围内共振位置的位移，同时该超表面的面积小至0.002 mm2。这种可实现高效耦合的“彩虹”等离子体共振空间操纵的独特特征为小型化片上光谱分析提供了一个新的平台，其光谱分辨率为0.032 nm波长偏移。通过使用该低设置4×光学显微镜成像系统，我们展示了A549 外泌体的生物传感分辨率为1.92×109个∙mL−1，并使用外泌体表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）的表达值来区分患者样本和健康对照样本，从而展示了一种精确特异性生物/化学传感检测应用的新型片上传感系统。

关键词： “彩虹”捕获     超表面     表面等离子体激元     超分辨位移     片上生物传感    

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REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARS OF MONITORING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 627-638 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023516

摘要：

The agricultural and livestock activities surrounding the rivers flowing into the lakes have caused non-point source pollution, leading to excessive amounts of nutrient salts in downstream rivers. Introducing river water into constructed wetlands along river course has proven to be an effective solution for decreasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads. This paper reports 9 years of monitoring the Yong’an River and its surrounding constructed wetlands in the upper reaches of Erhai Lake, located in Yunnan Province, China. This study analyzed the main types of pollutants in the river, and evaluated the removal efficiency of pollutants by the constructed wetlands. The findings indicate that total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) are the primary pollutants in the Yong’an River, which exhibit variation throughout the year corresponding to the alternating wet and dry seasons. Although constructed wetlands are effective in removing NO3–-N and P, their efficacy in removing ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and organic pollutants is limited. This limitation can be attributed to the lack of timely disposal of aquatic plant residues. This research contributes to the understanding of the potential issues that may arise during the extended use of constructed wetlands and provides solutions to address them.

关键词： inflowing rivers     surface-flow constructed wetland     nutrients     long-term monitoring    

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Several basic problems in plastic theory of geomaterials

Yuanxue LIU, Jiawu ZHOU, Zhongyou LI, Chen CHEN, Yingren ZHENG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 81-84 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0016-3

摘要： Based on the basic mechanical properties of geomaterials, it was proven that the Drucker Postulate and the classical theory of plasticity can not be applied to geomaterials. Moreover, several basic problems of plastic theory of geomaterials were discussed. Based on the strict theoretical analysis, the following have been proven: the single yield surface model based on the classical theory of plasticity is unsuitable for geomaterials whether the rule of associated flow is applied or not; the yield surface of geomaterials is not unique, and its number is the same as the freedoms of plastic strain increment; the yield surface is not convex; and the rule of associated flow is unsuitable for geomaterials.

关键词： constitutive relation     geomaterials     classial plastic theory     Drucker Postulate     yield surface     flow rule    

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嫦娥1号卫星微波探月技术机理和应用研究

姜景山,王振占,李芸

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第6期   页码 16-22

摘要：

微波探测仪是嫦娥1号卫星有效载荷之一，主要用于测量不同深度的月壤微波辐射亮温，进而反演月壤厚度的信息并对月球的3He资源量和分布进行评估。这是国际上第一次利用被动微波遥感探测器在月球轨道直接测量月表亮温信息。因此，对月壤辐射传输模型的研究是及其必要的。文章分析了月球微波探测的机理和存在的问题，并给出了初步解决途径。

关键词： 嫦娥1号微波探测仪     遥感     月壤     微波辐射传输    

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Quorum sensing regulation methods and their effects on biofilm in biological waste treatment systems:

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1495-2

摘要：

• Quorum sensing enhancement and inhibition methods are summarized.

关键词： Quorum sensing     Biological waste treatment     Biofilm formation    

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Plasma-enabled sensing of urea and related amides on polyaniline

Harinarayanan Puliyalil,Petr Slobodian,Michal Sedlacik,Ruhan Benlikaya,Pavel Riha,Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov,Uroš Cvelbar

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 265-272 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1570-6

摘要： The atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was used to enhance the sensitivity of industrially important polyaniline (PANI) for detection of organic vapors from amides. The gas sensing mechanism of PANI is operating on the basis of reversible protonation or deprotonation, whereas the driving force to improve the sensitivity after plasma modifications is unknown. Herein we manage to solve this problem and investigate the sensing mechanism of atmospheric plasma treated PANI for vapor detection of amides using urea as a model. The results from various analytical techniques indicate that the plausible mechanism responsible for the improved sensitivity after plasma treatment is operating through a cyclic transition state formed between the functional groups introduced by plasma treatment and urea. This transition state improved the sensitivity of PANI towards 15 ppm of urea by a factor of 2.4 times compared to the non-treated PANI. This plasma treated PANI is promising for the improvement of the sensitivity and selectivity towards other toxic and carcinogenic amide analytes for gas sensing applications such as improving material processing and controlling food quality.

关键词： gas sensing     urea     PANI     amides     plasma    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Flexible micro flow sensor for micro aerial vehicles

Rong ZHU, Ruiyi QUE, Peng LIU

期刊论文

An Ultracompact Spoof Surface Plasmon Sensing System for Adaptive and Accurate Detection of Gas Using

Xuanru Zhang,Jia Wen Zhu,Tie Jun Cui,

期刊论文

Experimental study on combined buoyant-thermocapillary flow along with rising liquid film on the surface

Manuel J. GOMES, Ning MEI

期刊论文

Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

期刊论文

Aerodynamic design by jointly applying S2 flow surface calculation and modern optimization methods on

ZHAO Honglei, WANG Songtao, HAN Wanjin, FENG Guotai

期刊论文

(Super)paramagnetic nanoparticles as platform materials for environmental applications: From synthesis to demonstration

Wenlu Li, John D. Fortner

期刊论文

高海拔冻土区路基周边近地表流场特征及其工程意义

穆彦虎, 马巍, 杨朝晖, 栗晓林, 张坤, 毛运城

期刊论文

Novel sensing techniques for full-scale testing of civil structures

Kaoshan DAI, Zhenhua HUANG

期刊论文

Effects of process parameters on surface roughness in abrasive waterjet cutting of aluminium

M. CHITHIRAI PON SELVAN, N. MOHANA SUNDARA RAJU, H. K. SACHIDANANDA

期刊论文

表面"彩虹"上的超分辨率光谱位移传感

Lyu Zhou, Nan Zhang, Chang Chieh Hsu, Matthew Singer, Xie Zeng, Yizheng Li, Haomin Song, Josep Jornet, Yun Wu, Qiaoqiang Gan

期刊论文

REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARS OF MONITORING

期刊论文

Several basic problems in plastic theory of geomaterials

Yuanxue LIU, Jiawu ZHOU, Zhongyou LI, Chen CHEN, Yingren ZHENG

期刊论文

嫦娥1号卫星微波探月技术机理和应用研究

姜景山,王振占,李芸

期刊论文

Quorum sensing regulation methods and their effects on biofilm in biological waste treatment systems:

期刊论文

Plasma-enabled sensing of urea and related amides on polyaniline

Harinarayanan Puliyalil,Petr Slobodian,Michal Sedlacik,Ruhan Benlikaya,Pavel Riha,Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov,Uroš Cvelbar

期刊论文